I’m reading through the Bible again, since last time it was a great exercise. Right now I’m midway through Exodus, and God’s giving the first parts of his Law to the Israelites. It’s really good! God’s guidelines were practical (yes, with a few exceptions in Leviticus that I don’t get) and just plain good for society. A few themes from this morning stand out to me, and disprove some of the subtle beliefs we have about the OT…
Love your enemy isn’t just a NT idea.
4 “If you come across your enemy’s ox or donkey wandering off, be sure to take it back to him. 5 If you see the donkey of someone who hates you fallen down under its load, do not leave it there; be sure you help him with it. – Ex. 23:4-5
What do we expect to see in the OT about enemies? Stomp on ’em, crush ’em! Right? Eye for an eye was everything to these guys, we think. Yet here, God commands the Israelites to go out of their way to help a person who hates them. Sounds a lot like that other guy, Jesus. Hmm…maybe he really meant what he said about being the fulfillment of the Law.
Women weren’t to be treated as objects.
16 “If a man seduces a virgin who is not pledged to be married and sleeps with her, he must pay the bride-price, and she shall be his wife. 17 If her father absolutely refuses to give her to him, he must still pay the bride-price for virgins. – Ex. 22:16-17
It may not be the boldest statement to our 21st-C ears, but it was a big deal in this time. A man can’t just have his way with a woman and discard her. If he commits the sin, he must take her in marriage and provide for her. A family will be established, and the child will be raised by its two parents. And there’s even a clause for the woman who really wants no part of this guy…she still receives the dowry of a wife, as repayment for his actions.
Slavery wasn’t what it is today.
2 “If you buy a Hebrew servant, he is to serve you for six years. But in the seventh year, he shall go free, without paying anything… 5 “But if the servant declares, ‘I love my master and my wife and children and do not want to go free,’ 6 then his master must take him before the judges. He shall take him to the door or the doorpost and pierce his ear with an awl. Then he will be his servant for life. – Ex. 21:2-5
We picture the North Atlantic slave trade’s barbarism, and contemporary child and sex labor. But here we have the picture of something mutually beneficial, and with a 7th year get-out-of-slavery free clause. And apparently it wasn’t uncommon for the slave to want to stay! While the part about the awl is a bit shocking to my ears, it’s obvious it’s something the servant is choosing happily. BTW, slave and servant are the same word here.
God takes justice for widows & orphans personally.
22 “Do not take advantage of a widow or an orphan. 23 If you do and they cry out to me, I will certainly hear their cry. 24 My anger will be aroused, and I will kill you with the sword; your wives will become widows and your children fatherless. – Ex. 22:22-24
So maybe we didn’t doubt this one, but it’s powerful to see His very personal interest. In these chapters God gives a lot of instructions on how to treat others, and their property. He calls on the Israelites to resolve their issues through discussion, money, and courts. Yet here, he says that he himself will bring justice, by his own hand. That’s serious business. This theme is repeated throughout the Scriptures…our God loves justice for the least!
It’s not just about Israel.
21 “Do not mistreat an alien or oppress him, for you were aliens in Egypt. – Ex 22:21
9 “Do not oppress an alien; you yourselves know how it feels to be aliens, because you were aliens in Egypt. – Ex 23:9
12 “Six days do your work, but on the seventh day do not work, so that your ox and your donkey may rest and the slave born in your household, and the alien as well, may be refreshed. – Ex. 23:12
This one’s all over the OT. Seriously, you can’t read through a single book without seeing God’s love and plan for all nations pop up everywhere. Israel wasn’t the only people to receive God’s love. They were the chosen instrument to shine his love to all other nations, inviting them out of their false religions and to the one true God over the whole earth. Foreigners were invited to join the Lord’s family, provided they adopted God’s Law–obviously, since this is the lifestyle for all believers. Praise God that he has always welcomed aliens=foreigners…that’s how I got into the family!